Here are some suggestions where you might find the German place of origin (city, town, or village) for your immigrant ancestor who came to America from Germany. Knowing the name of the town can help you take your genealogy research back to Germany to look for German genealogy records.
Ship Passenger Records (arrivals)
- "Last residence" (name of town) for each passenger is usually given on U.S. passenger arrival records starting about 1893 (this varies by port). All New York passenger arrival records starting with June 1897 and later should have this information for each passenger. Earlier passenger records (beginning with 1820) sometimes list the town of residence for the passengers, but most do not.
- Ship Passenger Lists Guide, 1820-1960s For Ships Arriving at U.S. Ports from Europe and Other Places
- Finding Passenger Lists before 1820 lists many sources for finding immigration related material before 1820
- Germans to America indexes German immigrant passengers for the major ports (New York, Baltimore, Philadelphia, Boston and New Orleans).
- Germans to America 1850-1897
- The 1850-1897 period can be searched online at: National Archives - Access to Archival Databases - Passenger Lists
- Germans to America Series II: the 1840s (books only)
- New York Passenger Arrival Lists (Ellis Island), 1892-1924
- Also see: Ship Passenger Lists and Records on the Internet
- Many Hamburg departure lists have survived and they usually give the last residence for each passenger.
- For information see: The Hamburg Passenger Departure Lists 1850-1934
- Church Records...
- American church records sometimes give the place of origin of immigrant families - FamilySearch might have some of these on digitized microfilm - check the FamilySearch Catalog.
- Sometimes church records for German churches in America will list the German place of birth of the parents in the baptismal records of their children (try FamilySearch).
- If you don't know which church your ancestor attended look for churches near the address where he or she lived - you can sometimes find addresses in census records and city directories.
- Death Certificates usually give place of birth (often just the country, but sometimes the town is given).
- Online Finding Aid: Directory of Online Death Records Indexes and Death Certificates
- Obituaries - search the local newspaper(s) where your ancestor died a day or more after the date of death
- Obituaries in American German language newspapers...
- List of American German Language Newspapers Online at Chronicling America
- Also try checking at a library in the area your ancestor lived
- Naturalization Records Naturalization records from September 27, 1906 and later usually list the place of birth; Naturalization records before Sept. 27, 1906 generally do not name the place of birth, but a few occasionally will have this.
- Guide to Finding U.S. Naturalization Records
- The 1900-1940 federal censuses show whether an immigrant was naturalized. The 1920 census gives year of naturalization.
- Types of Naturalization Records describes declarations of intention, petitions, certificates, etc.
- Suggested Book: Guide to Naturalization Records of the United States by Christina Schaefer
- Passport Applications - these usually have the applicant's place of birth (although some just have state or country). Not everyone had a passport. Passport applications are available from the U.S. National Archives for 1795-1905 (with gaps) and 1906-March 31, 1925. See the "Guide to Finding U.S. Naturalization Records" link above for information about these records with links to online records.
- County Histories and Biographies
- Online Finding Aid: Online County Histories, Biographies and Indexes
- Family tradition - talk to your relatives
- Family documents, photo albums, family Bibles...
- World War I Draft Registration Cards nearly 11 million (men born about June 1886 to June 1897) of the 24 million total draft cards asked for location of birth (town, state, nation).
- World War II Draft Cards have place of birth ("town or county" and "state or country"). See: Online World War II Indexes and Records - USA
- Records in Germany...
- German Emigration Lists (lists of people who applied to leave Germany)
- Germany Births and Baptisms 1558-1898, Marriages 1558-1929 and other records at FamilySearch These collections are not complete, but they may contain clues to help further your research in German records.
- Places to Find German Genealogy Records and Databases Online
- International Genealogical Index (IGI)
- Determining a Place of Origin in Germany from FamilySearch is a helpful resource
This outline was derived from the "Find your Immigrant Ancestor" section of the Basic Reasearch Guide for German Genealogy. It was created for the Germanic Genealogy Society of Colorado.
You can download a printable PDF version of this outline from: Genealogy Roots Blog Files: Finding Your German Ancestor's Hometown
Next Article in this Series: Tips for Finding German Genealogy Records for your German-American Ancestor
